One of the problems addressed by the present invention is to provide a cancer-cell proliferation inhibitor that contains a compound that is derived from a food component and that is highly safe. The description of the present application discloses a cancer-cell proliferation inhibitor that contains an immune checkpoint inhibitor and at least one of 5-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-gamma-valerolactone represented by formula (I), a salt of said compound, and a conjugate of said compound.

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