This article discusses effects of California Proposition 12 on meat industry and consumers to reduce animal cruelty relating to raising conditions, with reference to: guidelines of cage free housing for egg-laying hens and space requirements for breeding pigs; jurisdictional limitations; banning businesses of selling eggs, uncooked pork, or veal raised in violation of act's requirements; penalties and unfair competition; written certification; product shortages and price hikes; and innovating and adapting to overcome challenges.
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