Structural analysis of tapioca xerogel and its water and oil triggered shape change.

Shape transformation of flat (two-dimensional) substances into complicated (three-dimensional) structures is a new concept that can be investigated to tailor materials with appealing attributes while lessening package space. The purpose of this research is to create root-based xerogel, investigate their application as a flat 2D food product capable of transforming into a 3D shape, and quantify their hydro and oleomorphic behavior. By drying (29°C and 75% RH) tapioca hydrogel (5%) using the sessile drop method, flat tapioca xerogels were developed. Tapioca xerogel's topside was characterized as smooth whereas the bottom side was noted to be porous in nature. There is no difference in the chemical characteristics of tapioca flour during the xerogel design process. Cold plasma-treated tapioca xerogel with and without constraint material was engineered into a flower shape (3D) through stimuli (water and oil). Because of its interconnected arrangement of particles, tapioca xerogel swells/absorbs oil in various directions when...