Co-encapsulation of guarana extracts and probiotics increases probiotic survivability and simultaneously delivers bioactive compounds in simulated gastrointestinal fluids.

Co-encapsulation addresses the protection of multiple compounds from harmful conditions. However, the release of entrapped bioactive compounds and probiotics in the gut is required to achieve their health benefits. This study focused on the co-encapsulation of probiotics and guarana extracts by complex coacervation using gelatin and gum Arabic, evaluating the release of encapsulated probiotics and bioactive compounds during in vitro digestion. The antioxidant activity of guarana extracts and their stimulatory effect on probiotic populations were also investigated. Guarana seed extract (GSE) showed more significant antioxidant activity. Concerning the influence of guarana extracts on the growth of probiotics, guarana peel extract (GPE) prolonged their growth. The release of encapsulated phenolic compounds from GSE was higher in simulated gastric fluid (SGF), reaching at least 80% of accumulative release after 2 h. In contrast, the maximum release of encapsulated carotenoids from GPE was around 90% in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). Furthermore, the co-encapsulation...