Contamination of Fusarium proliferatum and Aspergillus flavus in the rice chain linked to crop seasons, cultivation regions, and traditional agricultural practices in Mekong Delta, Vietnam.

This study evaluates the influence of crop seasons, cultivation regions, and traditional agricultural practices on the occurrence of F. proliferatum and A. flavus in the rice chain in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. A survey on pre-and post-harvest practices was performed from 2017 to 2019 in parallel with sampling. Results. Showed that F. proliferatum (36.3%) and A. flavus (10%) were predominantly present throughout the rice chain. These fungi frequently occurred in winter-spring and autumn-winter crops in Can Tho paddy. Especially, F. proliferatum appeared both on the field and during transportation (50-100%), while A. flavus presented at all stages (10-33%). The occurrence of F. proliferatum reduced 70-27% after drying, depended on the seasons, compared to field and transportation stages and could not be detected anymore at further stages. Applying poor pre-harvest agricultural practices such as the use of certain varieties (Jasmine, DT8 varieties), combination of fertilizers (organic-inorganic), fields with crop debris, unhygienic...